/********************************************************************************/
/*										*/
/*			     CryptPrimeSieve					*/
/*			     Written by Ken Goldman				*/
/*		       IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center			*/
/*            $Id: CryptPrimeSieve.c 1519 2019-11-15 20:43:51Z kgoldman $	*/
/*										*/
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/* 10.2.17 CryptPrimeSieve.c */
/* 10.2.17.1 Includes and defines */
#include "Tpm.h"
#if RSA_KEY_SIEVE
#include "CryptPrimeSieve_fp.h"
/* This determines the number of bits in the largest sieve field. */
#define MAX_FIELD_SIZE  2048
extern const uint32_t      s_LastPrimeInTable;
extern const uint32_t      s_PrimeTableSize;
extern const uint32_t      s_PrimesInTable;
extern const unsigned char s_PrimeTable[];
/* This table is set of prime markers. Each entry is the prime value for the ((n + 1) * 1024)
   prime. That is, the entry in s_PrimeMarkers[1] is the value for the 2,048th prime. This is used
   in the PrimeSieve() to adjust the limit for the prime search. When processing smaller prime
   candidates, fewer primes are checked directly before going to Miller-Rabin. As the prime grows,
   it is worth spending more time eliminating primes as, a) the density is lower, and b) the cost of
   Miller-Rabin is higher. */
const uint32_t      s_PrimeMarkersCount = 6;
const uint32_t      s_PrimeMarkers[] = {
    8167, 17881, 28183, 38891, 49871, 60961 };
uint32_t   primeLimit;

/* 10.2.17.1.1 RsaAdjustPrimeLimit() */
/* This used during the sieve process. The iterator for getting the next prime (RsaNextPrime()) will
   return primes until it hits the limit (primeLimit) set up by this function. This causes the sieve
   process to stop when an appropriate number of primes have been sieved. */

void
RsaAdjustPrimeLimit(
		    uint32_t        requestedPrimes
		    )
{
    if(requestedPrimes == 0 || requestedPrimes > s_PrimesInTable)
	requestedPrimes = s_PrimesInTable;
    requestedPrimes = (requestedPrimes - 1) / 1024;
    if(requestedPrimes < s_PrimeMarkersCount)
	primeLimit = s_PrimeMarkers[requestedPrimes];
    else
	primeLimit = s_LastPrimeInTable;
    primeLimit >>= 1;
}

/* 10.2.17.1.2 RsaNextPrime() */
/* This the iterator used during the sieve process. The input is the last prime returned (or any
   starting point) and the output is the next higher prime. The function returns 0 when the
   primeLimit is reached. */
uint32_t
RsaNextPrime(
	     uint32_t    lastPrime
	     )
{
    if(lastPrime == 0)
	return 0;
    lastPrime >>= 1;
    for(lastPrime += 1; lastPrime <= primeLimit; lastPrime++)
	{
	    if(((s_PrimeTable[lastPrime >> 3] >> (lastPrime & 0x7)) & 1) == 1)
		return ((lastPrime << 1) + 1);
	}
    return 0;
}
/* This table contains a previously sieved table. It has the bits for 3, 5, and 7 removed. Because
   of the factors, it needs to be aligned to 105 and has a repeat of 105. */
const BYTE   seedValues[] = {
    0x16, 0x29, 0xcb, 0xa4, 0x65, 0xda, 0x30, 0x6c,
    0x99, 0x96, 0x4c, 0x53, 0xa2, 0x2d, 0x52, 0x96,
    0x49, 0xcb, 0xb4, 0x61, 0xd8, 0x32, 0x2d, 0x99,
    0xa6, 0x44, 0x5b, 0xa4, 0x2c, 0x93, 0x96, 0x69,
    0xc3, 0xb0, 0x65, 0x5a, 0x32, 0x4d, 0x89, 0xb6,
    0x48, 0x59, 0x26, 0x2d, 0xd3, 0x86, 0x61, 0xcb,
    0xb4, 0x64, 0x9a, 0x12, 0x6d, 0x91, 0xb2, 0x4c,
    0x5a, 0xa6, 0x0d, 0xc3, 0x96, 0x69, 0xc9, 0x34,
    0x25, 0xda, 0x22, 0x65, 0x99, 0xb4, 0x4c, 0x1b,
    0x86, 0x2d, 0xd3, 0x92, 0x69, 0x4a, 0xb4, 0x45,
    0xca, 0x32, 0x69, 0x99, 0x36, 0x0c, 0x5b, 0xa6,
    0x25, 0xd3, 0x94, 0x68, 0x8b, 0x94, 0x65, 0xd2,
    0x32, 0x6d, 0x18, 0xb6, 0x4c, 0x4b, 0xa6, 0x29,
    0xd1};
#define USE_NIBBLE
#ifndef USE_NIBBLE
static const BYTE bitsInByte[256] = {
    0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03,
    0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04,
    0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04,
    0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
    0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04,
    0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
    0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
    0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04,
    0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
    0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
    0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
    0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06, 0x05, 0x06, 0x06, 0x07,
    0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04,
    0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
    0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
    0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
    0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06, 0x05, 0x06, 0x06, 0x07,
    0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
    0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06, 0x05, 0x06, 0x06, 0x07,
    0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06,
    0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06, 0x05, 0x06, 0x06, 0x07,
    0x04, 0x05, 0x05, 0x06, 0x05, 0x06, 0x06, 0x07,
    0x05, 0x06, 0x06, 0x07, 0x06, 0x07, 0x07, 0x08
};
#define BitsInByte(x)   bitsInByte[(unsigned char)x]
#else
const BYTE bitsInNibble[16] = {
    0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03,
    0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x03, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x04};
#define BitsInByte(x)						    \
    (bitsInNibble[(unsigned char)(x) & 0xf]				\
     +   bitsInNibble[((unsigned char)(x) >> 4) & 0xf])
#endif

/* 10.2.17.1.3 BitsInArry() */
/* This function counts the number of bits set in an array of bytes. */
static int
BitsInArray(
	    const unsigned char     *a,             // IN: A pointer to an array of bytes
	    unsigned int             aSize          // IN: the number of bytes to sum
	    )
{
    int     j = 0;
    for(; aSize; a++, aSize--)
	j += BitsInByte(*a);
    return j;
}

/* 10.2.17.1.4 FindNthSetBit() */
/* This function finds the nth SET bit in a bit array. The n parameter is between 1 and the number
   of bits in the array (always a multiple of 8). If called when the array does not have n bits set,
   it will return -1 */
/* Return Values Meaning */
/* <0 no bit is set or no bit with the requested number is set */
/* >=0 the number of the bit in the array that is the nth set */
int
FindNthSetBit(
	      const UINT16     aSize,         // IN: the size of the array to check
	      const BYTE      *a,             // IN: the array to check
	      const UINT32     n              // IN, the number of the SET bit
	      )
{
    UINT16       i;
    int          retValue;
    UINT32       sum = 0;
    BYTE         sel;
    //find the bit
    for(i = 0; (i < (int)aSize) && (sum < n); i++)
	sum += BitsInByte(a[i]);
    i--;
    // The chosen bit is in the byte that was just accessed
    // Compute the offset to the start of that byte
    retValue = i * 8 - 1;
    sel = a[i];
    // Subtract the bits in the last byte added.
    sum -= BitsInByte(sel);
    // Now process the byte, one bit at a time.
    for(; (sel != 0) && (sum != n); retValue++, sel = sel >> 1)
	sum += (sel & 1) != 0;
    return (sum == n) ? retValue : -1;
}
typedef struct
{
    UINT16      prime;
    UINT16      count;
} SIEVE_MARKS;
const SIEVE_MARKS sieveMarks[5] = {
    {31, 7}, {73, 5}, {241, 4}, {1621, 3}, {UINT16_MAX, 2}};

/* 10.2.17.1.5 PrimeSieve() */
/* This function does a prime sieve over the input field which has as its starting address the value
   in bnN. Since this initializes the Sieve using a precomputed field with the bits associated with
   3, 5 and 7 already turned off, the value of pnN may need to be adjusted by a few counts to allow
   the precomputed field to be used without modification. */
/* To get better performance, one could address the issue of developing the composite numbers. When
   the size of the prime gets large, the time for doing the divisions goes up, noticeably. It could
   be better to develop larger composite numbers even if they need to be bigNum's themselves. The
   object would be to reduce the number of times that the large prime is divided into a few large
   divides and then use smaller divides to get to the final 16 bit (or smaller) remainders. */
UINT32
PrimeSieve(
	   bigNum           bnN,       // IN/OUT: number to sieve
	   UINT32           fieldSize, // IN: size of the field area in bytes
	   BYTE            *field      // IN: field
	   )
{
    UINT32            i;
    UINT32            j;
    UINT32           fieldBits = fieldSize * 8;
    UINT32           r;
    BYTE            *pField;
    INT32            iter;
    UINT32           adjust;
    UINT32           mark = 0;
    UINT32           count = sieveMarks[0].count;
    UINT32           stop = sieveMarks[0].prime;
    UINT32           composite;
    UINT32           pList[8];
    UINT32           next;
    pAssert(field != NULL && bnN != NULL);
    // If the remainder is odd, then subtracting the value will give an even number,
    // but we want an odd number, so subtract the 105+rem. Otherwise, just subtract
    // the even remainder.
    adjust = (UINT32)BnModWord(bnN, 105);
    if(adjust & 1)
	adjust += 105;
    // Adjust the input number so that it points to the first number in a
    // aligned field.
    BnSubWord(bnN, bnN, adjust);
    //    pAssert(BnModWord(bnN, 105) == 0);
    pField = field;
    for(i = fieldSize; i >= sizeof(seedValues);
	pField += sizeof(seedValues), i -= sizeof(seedValues))
	{
	    memcpy(pField, seedValues, sizeof(seedValues));
	}
    if(i != 0)
	memcpy(pField, seedValues, i);
    // Cycle through the primes, clearing bits
    // Have already done 3, 5, and 7
    iter = 7;
#define NEXT_PRIME(iter)    (iter = RsaNextPrime(iter))
    // Get the next N primes where N is determined by the mark in the sieveMarks
    while((composite = NEXT_PRIME(iter)) != 0)
	{
	    next = 0;
	    i = count;
	    pList[i--] = composite;
	    for(; i > 0; i--)
		{
		    next = NEXT_PRIME(iter);
		    pList[i] = next;
		    if(next != 0)
			composite *= next;
		}
	    // Get the remainder when dividing the base field address
	    // by the composite
	    composite = (UINT32)BnModWord(bnN, composite);
	    // 'composite' is divisible by the composite components. for each of the
	    // composite components, divide 'composite'. That remainder (r) is used to
	    // pick a starting point for clearing the array. The stride is equal to the
	    // composite component. Note, the field only contains odd numbers. If the
	    // field were expanded to contain all numbers, then half of the bits would
	    // have already been cleared. We can save the trouble of clearing them a
	    // second time by having a stride of 2*next. Or we can take all of the even
	    // numbers out of the field and use a stride of 'next'
	    for(i = count; i > 0; i--)
		{
		    next = pList[i];
		    if(next == 0)
			goto done;
		    r = composite % next;
		    // these computations deal with the fact that we have picked a field-sized
		    // range that is aligned to a 105 count boundary. The problem is, this field
		    // only contains odd numbers. If we take our prime guess and walk through all
		    // the numbers using that prime as the 'stride', then every other 'stride' is
		    // going to be an even number. So, we are actually counting by 2 * the stride
		    // We want the count to start on an odd number at the start of our field. That
		    // is, we want to assume that we have counted up to the edge of the field by
		    // the 'stride' and now we are going to start flipping bits in the field as we
		    // continue to count up by 'stride'. If we take the base of our field and
		    // divide by the stride, we find out how much we find out how short the last
		    // count was from reaching the edge of the bit field. Say we get a quotient of
		    // 3 and remainder of 1. This means that after 3 strides, we are 1 short of
		    // the start of the field and the next stride will either land within the
		    // field or step completely over it. The confounding factor is that our field
		    // only contains odd numbers and our stride is actually 2 * stride. If the
		    // quoitent is even, then that means that when we add 2 * stride, we are going
		    // to hit another even number. So, we have to know if we need to back off
		    // by 1 stride before we start couting by 2 * stride.
		    // We can tell from the remainder whether we are on an even or odd
		    // stride when we hit the beginning of the table. If we are on an odd stride
		    // (r & 1), we would start half a stride in (next - r)/2. If we are on an
		    // even stride, we need 0.5 strides (next - r/2) because the table only has
		    // odd numbers. If the remainder happens to be zero, then the start of the
		    // table is on stride so no adjustment is necessary.

		    if(r & 1)           j = (next - r) / 2;
		    else if(r == 0)     j = 0;
		    else                 j = next - (r / 2);
		    for(; j < fieldBits; j += next)
			ClearBit(j, field, fieldSize);
		}
	    if(next >= stop)
		{
		    mark++;
		    count = sieveMarks[mark].count;
		    stop = sieveMarks[mark].prime;
		}
	}
 done:
    INSTRUMENT_INC(totalFieldsSieved[PrimeIndex]);
    i = BitsInArray(field, fieldSize);
    INSTRUMENT_ADD(bitsInFieldAfterSieve[PrimeIndex], i);
    INSTRUMENT_ADD(emptyFieldsSieved[PrimeIndex], (i == 0));
    return i;
}
#ifdef SIEVE_DEBUG
static uint32_t fieldSize = 210;

/* 10.2.17.1.6 SetFieldSize() */
/* Function to set the field size used for prime generation. Used for tuning. */
uint32_t
SetFieldSize(
	     uint32_t         newFieldSize
	     )
{
    if(newFieldSize == 0 || newFieldSize > MAX_FIELD_SIZE)
	fieldSize = MAX_FIELD_SIZE;
    else
	fieldSize = newFieldSize;
    return fieldSize;
}
#endif // SIEVE_DEBUG

/* 10.2.17.1.7 PrimeSelectWithSieve() */
/* This function will sieve the field around the input prime candidate. If the sieve field is not
   empty, one of the one bits in the field is chosen for testing with Miller-Rabin. If the value is
   prime, pnP is updated with this value and the function returns success. If this value is not
   prime, another pseudo-random candidate is chosen and tested. This process repeats until all
   values in the field have been checked. If all bits in the field have been checked and none is
   prime, the function returns FALSE and a new random value needs to be chosen. */
/* Error Returns Meaning */
/* TPM_RC_FAILURE TPM in failure mode, probably due to entropy source */
/* TPM_RC_SUCCESS candidate is probably prime */
/* TPM_RC_NO_RESULT candidate is not prime and couldn't find and alternative in the field */
LIB_EXPORT TPM_RC
PrimeSelectWithSieve(
		     bigNum           candidate,         // IN/OUT: The candidate to filter
		     UINT32           e,                 // IN: the exponent
		     RAND_STATE      *rand               // IN: the random number generator state
		     )
{
    BYTE             field[MAX_FIELD_SIZE];
    UINT32           first;
    UINT32           ones;
    INT32            chosen;
    BN_PRIME(test);
    UINT32           modE;
#ifndef SIEVE_DEBUG
    UINT32           fieldSize = MAX_FIELD_SIZE;
#endif
    UINT32           primeSize;
    //
    // Adjust the field size and prime table list to fit the size of the prime
    // being tested. This is done to try to optimize the trade-off between the
    // dividing done for sieving and the time for Miller-Rabin. When the size
    // of the prime is large, the cost of Miller-Rabin is fairly high, as is the
    // cost of the sieving. However, the time for Miller-Rabin goes up considerably
    // faster than the cost of dividing by a number of primes.
    primeSize = BnSizeInBits(candidate);
    
    if(primeSize <= 512)
	{
	    RsaAdjustPrimeLimit(1024); // Use just the first 1024 primes
	}
    else if(primeSize <= 1024)
	{
	    RsaAdjustPrimeLimit(4096); // Use just the first 4K primes
	}
    else
	{
	    RsaAdjustPrimeLimit(0);     // Use all available
	}
    
    // Save the low-order word to use as a search generator and make sure that
    // it has some interesting range to it
    first = (UINT32)(candidate->d[0] | 0x80000000);
    
    // Sieve the field
    ones = PrimeSieve(candidate, fieldSize, field);
    pAssert(ones > 0 && ones < (fieldSize * 8));
    for(; ones > 0; ones--)
	{
	    // Decide which bit to look at and find its offset
	    chosen = FindNthSetBit((UINT16)fieldSize, field, ((first % ones) + 1));
	    
	    if((chosen < 0) || (chosen >= (INT32)(fieldSize * 8)))
		FAIL(FATAL_ERROR_INTERNAL);
	    
	    // Set this as the trial prime
	    BnAddWord(test, candidate, (crypt_uword_t)(chosen * 2));
	    
	    // The exponent might not have been one of the tested primes so
	    // make sure that it isn't divisible and make sure that 0 != (p-1) mod e
	    // Note: This is the same as 1 != p mod e
	    modE = (UINT32)BnModWord(test, e);
	    if((modE != 0) && (modE != 1) && MillerRabin(test, rand))
		{
		    BnCopy(candidate, test);
		    return TPM_RC_SUCCESS;
		}
	    // Clear the bit just tested
	    ClearBit(chosen, field, fieldSize);
	}
    // Ran out of bits and couldn't find a prime in this field
    INSTRUMENT_INC(noPrimeFields[PrimeIndex]);
    return (g_inFailureMode ? TPM_RC_FAILURE : TPM_RC_NO_RESULT);
}

#if RSA_INSTRUMENT
static char            a[256];
char *
PrintTuple(
	   UINT32      *i
	   )
{
    sprintf(a, "{%d, %d, %d}", i[0], i[1], i[2]);
    return a;
}
#define CLEAR_VALUE(x)    memset(x, 0, sizeof(x))
 
void
RsaSimulationEnd(
		 void
		 )
{
    int         i;
    UINT32      averages[3];
    UINT32      nonFirst = 0;
    if((PrimeCounts[0] + PrimeCounts[1] + PrimeCounts[2]) != 0)
	{
	    printf("Primes generated = %s\n", PrintTuple(PrimeCounts));
	    printf("Fields sieved = %s\n", PrintTuple(totalFieldsSieved));
	    printf("Fields with no primes = %s\n", PrintTuple(noPrimeFields));
	    printf("Primes checked with Miller-Rabin = %s\n",
		   PrintTuple(MillerRabinTrials));
	    for(i = 0; i < 3; i++)
		averages[i] = (totalFieldsSieved[i]
			       != 0 ? bitsInFieldAfterSieve[i] / totalFieldsSieved[i]
			       : 0);
	    printf("Average candidates in field %s\n", PrintTuple(averages));
	    for(i = 1; i < (sizeof(failedAtIteration) / sizeof(failedAtIteration[0]));
		i++)
		nonFirst += failedAtIteration[i];
	    printf("Miller-Rabin failures not in first round = %d\n", nonFirst);
	}
    CLEAR_VALUE(PrimeCounts);
    CLEAR_VALUE(totalFieldsSieved);
    CLEAR_VALUE(noPrimeFields);
    CLEAR_VALUE(MillerRabinTrials);
    CLEAR_VALUE(bitsInFieldAfterSieve);
}
void
GetSieveStats(
	      uint32_t        *trials,
	      uint32_t        *emptyFields,
	      uint32_t        *averageBits
	      )
{
    uint32_t        totalBits;
    uint32_t        fields;
    *trials = MillerRabinTrials[0] + MillerRabinTrials[1] + MillerRabinTrials[2];
    *emptyFields = noPrimeFields[0] + noPrimeFields[1] + noPrimeFields[2];
    fields = totalFieldsSieved[0] + totalFieldsSieved[1]
	     + totalFieldsSieved[2];
    totalBits = bitsInFieldAfterSieve[0] + bitsInFieldAfterSieve[1]
		+ bitsInFieldAfterSieve[2];
    if(fields != 0)
	*averageBits = totalBits / fields;
    else
	*averageBits = 0;
    CLEAR_VALUE(PrimeCounts);
    CLEAR_VALUE(totalFieldsSieved);
    CLEAR_VALUE(noPrimeFields);
    CLEAR_VALUE(MillerRabinTrials);
    CLEAR_VALUE(bitsInFieldAfterSieve);
}
#endif
#endif // RSA_KEY_SIEVE
#if !RSA_INSTRUMENT
//*** RsaSimulationEnd()
// Stub for call when not doing instrumentation.
void
RsaSimulationEnd(
		 void
		 )
{
    return;
}
#endif